Author: Mona, New Delhi. Chandrayaan-1, India's first unmanned spacecraft mission with its well defined objectives intends to put its spacecraft into an orbit around the moon and to perform remote sensing of it. It aims to further expand our knowledge about the moon. Thanks to the India’s scientific community for successful put off of first unmanned spacecraft- Chandrayaan-1. Chandrayaan-1: Chandrayaan-1 is a mission with vision of exploration of Moon. It is dictated by Indian national agency for space, ISRO. Under the mission a space craft launched at 6.22 a.m (IST) on 22nd October of 2009 from the Satish Dhwan Space Center situated in Sriharikota of Andhra Pradesh. Chandrayaan is a word derived from language Sanskrit and it simply means “moon-vehicle.” The weight of the space-craft is 1,308 kilograms and it carries remote sensing devices with high resolution for near infrared, visible, hard and soft frequencies of X-ray.Following are some facts about Chandrayaan-1:Launch date: October 22 at 00:52 UTCLunar orbit insertion: November 8 at 11:21 UTCNominal mission: two yearsThe total mission cost is INR 3.8 billion (US $83 million) Spacecraft: Cube shape, with a length of 1.5 meters on each side and a total mass of 1,050 kilograms (523 kilograms initial orbit mass and 440 kilograms dry mass). The satellite design is based on ISRO's Kalpansat meteorological satellite that was launched in 2002. Chandrayaan-1 will also carry a 30-kilogram probe that will penetrate the surface of the Moon. A 750-Watt solar panel together with a Lithium-Ion battery will supply power to the spacecraft. A bipropellant engine will be used to enter orbit and to maintain the spacecraft's orbit at the … [Read more...]
Mumbai Marvel: Bandra-Worli sea link
Name of the author: Geetanav Ojha, Calicut When Sonia Gandhi landed in Mumbai to inaugurate the Bandra-Worli sea link, her mind might be wandering over the Union Budgets (Railway and the General Budget) but her soul must have been delighted. The delight comes in the wake of the successful accomplishment of this gigantic structure. At last, India can boast of a constructional wonder which can be promoted at the global stage. The bridge connects two major and crowded suburbs of Mumbai, Bandra and Worli. This 4.7km structure is the first sea bridge built in India and stands tall with other Asian suspension bridges like the Sutong Bridge in Jiangsu, China (8.2km) and Tatara Bridge in Hiroshima and Ehime, Japan (1.48km). There are two primary towers in this suspension bridge which are connected by cables with a total length of about 40,000km which is sufficient enough to circumscribe the earth. The unique slabs on the bridge are fixed at specific points by specific nuts and bolts. The piling of the bridge is 100 feet under the sea. Launching trusses were used to fix the slabs which were subsequently moved by the floating cranes (Asian Hercules). The construction was successfully accomplished by the Hindustan Construction Company (HCC) at an estimated cost of around 1600 crores. With all these features and technology, no wonder the Bandra-Worli sea link is a modern architectural marvel. As an engineer, where I feel the opportunity lies for India as a nation is to project this structure as a brand. It is worth recalling that whenever we think of the Beijing Olympics 2008, the first thing that comes to our mind is the ‘Bird’s Nest’. This is because it was projected as a symbol of the event and China as a nation wanted to exploit … [Read more...]
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